The giant squid has one of the most fascinating cryptid-to-science journeys in history.
For centuries, sailors told stories of enormous tentacled monsters lurking beneath the waves. These tales evolved into legends of the Kraken, a creature said to be large enough to drag ships beneath the sea.
The Cryptid Era
From the 1500s through the 1800s, reports came from sailors, fishermen, and coastal communities, especially around Norway and Iceland. Witnesses described:
- Massive tentacles rising from the water
- Sucker-covered arms wrapped around whales
- Giant eyes glowing beneath the waves
- Sea monsters larger than ships
Scientists of the time were skeptical. Many believed the stories were exaggerations, drunken sailor tales, or misidentified whales and floating debris.
Evidence Starts Washing Ashore
Things changed in the 1800s.
Whalers began finding enormous scars on the bodies of Sperm Whale. The circular marks matched gigantic squid suckers, suggesting battles were taking place far below the surface.
Then actual giant squid carcasses began washing ashore.
One of the most important figures was Japetus Steenstrup, who studied giant squid remains in the 1850s and helped establish that these animals were real.
In 1861, sailors aboard the French gunboat Alecton encountered a giant squid and attempted to capture it. They only recovered part of the animal, but the incident provided valuable evidence.
From Monster to Species
By the late 1800s, science formally recognized the giant squid as a real species:
Giant Squid
Yet it remained mysterious. No one had ever observed one alive in its deep-ocean habitat. The giant squid occupied a strange middle ground: scientifically accepted, but still almost mythical because nobody could study it in the wild.
The First Photographs
The mystery persisted until 2004, when researchers led by Tsunemi Kubodera captured the first photographs of a live giant squid in the deep ocean.
A few years later, in 2012, scientists obtained the first video footage of a live giant squid in its natural habitat.
For a creature that had haunted human imagination for hundreds of years, seeing it alive was like discovering that a dragon had been quietly living in the deepest forests all along.
Why It Became a Cryptid
The giant squid checked nearly every box that creates a cryptid:
- Lives in an inaccessible environment
- Rarely seen alive
- Grows to enormous size
- Leaves indirect evidence (scars, carcasses, tentacles)
- Appears in folklore and sailor stories
- Is difficult to verify scientifically
Unlike most cryptids, however, the giant squid made the leap from legend to zoology. It stands as one of the best examples of a “cryptid” that turned out to be completely real.
In a way, the Kraken wasn’t defeated by science. It was simply measured, classified, and given a Latin name.

